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Thin Film Modelling

Essential Macleod
Thin Film Modelling Package

The key to designing our optical coatings exactly to your specification is our state - of - the art advanced software/computer modelling system. This allows us to model the performance of your application and make sure that the behaviour and performance parameters are in line with your application.

Using Essential Macleod we can:

  • Synthesise designs from scratch or refine existing ones, investigating the effect of errors in designs, thus vastly reducing the risk of a coating failure.

  • Investigate material behaviour which is not always ideal. Because the optical constants of each material are different for different coating machines, we have various databases of material optical constants for all our machines.

  • Examine each layer of a design. The material filling the voids (in materials with packing densities of less than unity) can be changed to examine the effects, for example, of moisture adsorption.

  • Plot a number of different parameters from the electric field distribution (useful when designing coatings for pulsed laser optics) to transmittance and reflectance.

Project Reviews
Example 1: Enhanced High Reflectivity Mirror
Example 2: Ultra hard Anti-reflection coatings on large area polycarbonate substrates


Enhanced High Reflectivity Mirror

Brief

A high quality mirror was required to operate in an optical projection system. The mirror was required to give a high reflectivity over a wide angle of incidence and wavelengths.


Specification

Reflectivity: >97% : 420 nm - 490 nm
>94% : 490 nm - 700 nm

Angular range: 0 - 50 degrees

Polarisation: Within specification for all angles at both s and p polarisation states.


Durability: The coating must withstand the MIL specifications: Mil-M-13508, temperature cycling, adhesion, abrasion, and humidity.


Design Review

Due to the combination of a wide range of wavelengths and angles over which the mirror must operate a dielectric mirror was not appropriate. Furthermore, the need to operate at both s and p polarisation states added to the design difficulty.

Using Essential Macleod our in-house design team produced a theoretical model for an enhanced silver mirror that met the performance criteria.

Figures 1a, 1b and 1c illustrate the theoretical performance obtained for 0 degrees, 20 degrees and 40 degrees.

Figure 1a: Theoretical performance @ 0 deg
figure 1b: Theoretical performance @ 20 deg
figure 1c: Theoretical performance @ 40 deg

This design was then deposited with plasma assisted deposition technology using our APS deposition plant. The resulting coating was within the specification and passed the environmental tests.

During the actual deposition the temperature of the substrate was kept to less than 65 C and we can deposit this coating onto temperature sensitive substrates.

TO RECEIVE A QUOTE FOR THIS OR ANY OTHER COATING PLEASE CLICK HERE

 

Ultra hard Anti-reflection coatings on large area polycarbonate substrates

Brief

An anti-reflection coating was needed to maximise light transmission from the 'Cyclops' headlight of the BMW / Williams Le-Mans 24 hour race car. The coating had to operate at 25 - 40 degrees over the total area of the large polycarbonate headlight, thus removing reflections and allowing maximum light transmission.


Specification

Substrate size: 350 mm x 220 mm (Oval)

Transmission: >99.5% over the total area of the substrate

Angular range: 25 - 40 degrees

Durability: The coating must withstand the MIL specifications: Mil-M-13508, temperature cycling, adhesion, abrasion, and humidity.


Design Review

There were three difficulties to be solved when designing the coating for these headlight covers:

1) The distribution of the coating: Owing to the physical size of the substrates the distribution mask within the chamber had to be designed to achieve a homogenous coating.

2) The material type: The headlight was made from polycarbonate - a light and very strong material. Consequently, the deposition technique had to operate at low temperature. In addition, the coating had to have high durability to withstand the harsh environment of being on the front of a high performance car for the duration of a 24 hour race. The technology chosen to achieve this combination of low temperature deposition and high durability was plasma assisted deposition using our APS plant.


3) The angular specification on the coating design: Our design package, Essential Macleod, was used to ensure the design would operate at <0.5% reflection between 25 degrees and 40 degrees.

This same rigorous development process is applied to all of our coatings whether they are for a new standard process or a one-off customer special.

TO RECEIVE A QUOTE FOR THIS OR ANY OTHER COATING PLEASE CLICK HERE

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